No, I Do Not Want to Pet Your Dog by Farhad Manjoo - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 572 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/10/10 Category Statistics Essay Type Expository essay Did you like this example? On this article,  Farhad  Manjoo  speaks of the encounters with people’s dogs in public. The dogs are now found everywhere in public places ranging from parks, streets,  cafes  and even offices. What amazes  Farhad  is that the dog owners do not care to restrict their pets’ behavior or movements. They do not care whether the  people that  their dogs approach are comfortable with having the animals around. There are themes that  are developed  from such encounters as the author compares the behaviors of the pets to that of young toddlers, taking the case of his son. The main concern of the author seems that it is  based on interpersonal relationships. Some action may seem just okay to some people but to others they might be offensive. It should  therefore  be noted that whatever a person decides to undertake, considerations on the effect to other people should also be taken. We should not pretend that the way we feel about the activities we love is mutual to everyone.  Farhad  expresses this in a usual happening that takes place in public places whereby a dog just approaches a civilian and the owner on realizing this probably says that the dog is friendly to people. It is clear that what the author wants to major at is showing his audience that care  should be  taken to  test  the effect of ones action to other people. It  therefore  is necessary that even when a mistake occurs, we should be quick to correct it. This is clearly shown as  Farhad  explains his action when his toddler who seems so perfect to him disturbs o ther people in public either intentionally or accidentally. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "No, I Do Not Want to Pet Your Dog by Farhad Manjoo" essay for you Create order In addition, this book by  Farhad  Manjoo  talks much on key issues like why the author do not want to keep  anymore the pet dogs. The author realized that these pet dogs which are probably kept by everyone in North America were long ago wild wolves which after good relation with the man brought companionship thus man planned to pet the dog (Laurie Stephen 224). On another hand, this brings us to the theme in this book on humanity. According to  Farhad  Manjoo  book, there is a  realization that pet young dogs were not maintaining humanity as expected because they could bite people without  humanity.  Therefore, this book tries to explain how humanity  can be  lost in a certain society if some key factors are not  maintained in that society. In some communities humanity is not maintained and some people failure to practice humanity which is essential  in each society. For instance, the author talks about how dogs achieved dominion over urban America. This on modern society  can be  explained as kind of people who failure to portray humanity by dominating various  places like offices,  restaurants, museums, buses  and trains (Laurie Stephen 226). The main theme here is also based on cultural assumption while  relating to  the dogs whereby, like the dog owners, they are not forced to reckon with the idea to  the kind of people who are not  enthralled  by their furry friends. In conclusion, this book by  Farhad  Manjoo  is based on key issues like the kind of relation that can exist in a certain society which is expected to portray humanity for the success of that society. People should not behave like pet dogs which can bite someone  without humanity. People  are expected  to  apologize so that we emphasize on humanity.

Media Effects Body Image - 1656 Words

Brittany Brown Comm 2390 Abigal Koenig April 6, 2014 The Effects of Mass Media on African American Women Body Images Over the past 10 years, mass media and the access to social networks has evolved substantially causing the effects of negative self-image and what is considered beautiful. Body image expectations for both African-American male and female share the battles of society’s expectations, yet African American women body images come with a stricter and more unhealthy stigma; growth of social media such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter brings these expectations of self-image into our homes and our children minds. â€Å"The Internet is easily the most pervasive form of mediated communication that we encounter in our lives. Even†¦show more content†¦Black culture has always been the more voluptuous curves in women, yet those women were considered cornbread fed and the ones who weren’t blessed with these assets, didn’t go out their way for unethical surgical practices. The social media negative influence on African American women growing up within the 21st centu ry has made it seem the simple life is depending on the curves of your body, instead the knowledge of your mind and the power in your beliefs. Proper parenting is started at home, yet with social networks being such a part of our children’s lives, the media is also in the homes. In the process of the media influence, I believe the importance of the media understanding the black culture and the expectations of a woman’s curves also cause many medical issues that we are associated with, such as: Type I and II diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity. With overweight being accepted in most black families homes, the media and social networks should deter as much as possible from promoting the oversexed woman is the ideal woman. The effect social networks has on the children coming behind us is powerful and I believe the power of the media should be used more effectively. There is evidence that social media influences behaviors at home because women such as Ford promotes her body as her job, just asShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1484 Words   |  6 Pages Media has developed to become omnipresent in the day to day lives of the westernized societies. The media is considered a gigantic umbrella that houses a plethora of different outlets underneath it such as television, music videos, magazines, commercials, video games and social media. In this paper, the effects of media and various media types are examined to understand their potential outcomes. Focusing on how and if media affects body image in girls and women, the themes of dieting awarenessRead MoreEffects of Media on Body Image855 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Media on Body Image Discussion This study was conducted to analyze the impact of media, mainly fashion magazines, on how women perceived the idealized body weight and shape as well as the impact of media on the decision to diet or initiate an exercise program. Twenty working class women were given questionnaires at different times. The exposure to fashion magazines was assessed by determining whether the participant was a high level frequency viewer of fashion magazines, viewing themRead MoreMedia Effects On Body Image Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesSpecific age groups and mostly women have been studied regarding media effects on body image. These studies did not test the external stimuli created by peer groups that have an impact on a person’s self-idealization. This study addressed individual age groups divided by gender in order to determine how much media effects body idealization and if gender peer group opinions impact self-idealization when viewing media models. Methods The methods used in this study incorporated individuals into groupsRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1424 Words   |  6 PagesMedia holds such high standards in today s society, and media as a whole has gotten so much power throughout the years. There are so many different forms of media in today s world: newspapers, magazines, televisions, the hundreds of websites on the Internet, social media applications, computers, and novels. Media advertises thousands of different things, but something that has stayed consistent over the years is advertisement on body image. Media advertises a specific body type, pushes differentRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1453 Words   |  6 Pagestoday that media and body image are closely related. Particularly, how the body image advertising portrays effects our own body image. It has been documented in adolescents as they are more at risk for developing unhealthy attitudes toward their bodies. They are at a time where they re focu sed on developing their individual identities, making them susceptible to social pressure and media images. A major reason many people have a negative body image is because of the impact that media has had onRead MoreEffects Of Media On Body Image1544 Words   |  7 Pages Bayer, A.M, Body image is the internal representation of one’s outer appearance which reflects physical and perpetual dimensions. For the purpose of this paper, body image can be defined as a person s perception, thoughts and feeling about her body, this can be altered by significantly altered by social experiences. This paper explores my personal experience and findings of empirical studies that examine the effects of media on body image in young women. Internalization of body ideals that areRead MoreThe Effects of Media on Body Image and Body Dissatisfaction.3566 Words   |  15 Pagesadverts in relation to body image in the media than realistic. Also, whether or not there were a higher number of unrea listic adverts in female media in relation to body image than in male media. This was carried out by looking at a number of adverts in different male and female health magazines and scoring the amount of unrealistic or realistic adverts found. The results found that there was no significant difference between the amounts of unrealistic/ realistic adverts on body image in the female magazinesRead MoreEssay on Media Effects on Body Image617 Words   |  3 PagesWith the tremendous effect the media has on men womens body image/self-esteem, there are things the media and those being effected can do to limit the impact. The media can change the portrayal of models in magazines, television, billboards, etc. By portraying unrealistic models, studies can conclude that it causes a negative effect on men and women leading to eating disorders, self-esteem problems, and possibly even sometimes more dramatic actions such as suicide (Groesz, Levine, and MurnenRead MoreMedia s Effect On The Bo dy Image902 Words   |  4 Pagesalready confined with how the media set unrealistic standards for the female population. This leads girls to harm their own body, including eating disorders such as bulimia, and anorexia. The most prominent cause of these acts is advertisements. Advertisements are everywhere and they have the power to promote, sell, encourage, and give unrealistic ideals of the common people. Advertisements and media images have a negative effect on the way women view their body image which leads to self-harm. EveryRead MoreThe Effect Of Media On Womens Body Image1247 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch on how the role of media affects how women perceive body image. I was interested in knowing the ways in which the media influenced the ways in which they perceive themselves and their beauty. In order to perform my research, I conducted surveys of female students ranging from ages 18-28, carried out experimental research on them to test whether they feel worse about their bodies after being exposed to thin media models than after being exposed to other types of images as well as conducting secondary

Macro and Micro Economics Free Essays

Micro Economics:- Microeconomics is a branch of economics that analyzes the market behavior of individual consumers and firms in an attempt to understand the decision-making process of firms and households. It is concerned with the interaction between individual buyers and sellers and the factors that influence the choices made by buyers and sellers. In particular, microeconomics focuses on patterns of supply and demand and the determination of price and output in individual markets (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Macro and Micro Economics or any similar topic only for you Order Now g. coffee industry). Areas microeconomics covers: Supply and demand ?Competition ?Monopolies ?Profit and loss ?Opportunity cost Elasticity †¢Rigid laws:- Businesses may be doomed to be non starters due to restrictive business environment which may take the form of rigid government laws ( no polluting industry can ever be located in around 50 Km radius of the Taj) , state of competition ( Car manufacturing capacity presently in the country is far in excess of demand) etc. †¢Environment impact:- The present and future viability of an enterprise is impacted by the environment For eg no TV manufacturer can be expected to survive by making only BW television sets when consumer preference has clearly shifted to color television sets. Key Inputs:- The availability of all key inputs like skilled labor , trained managers, raw materials, electricity, transportation, fuel etc are a factor of the business environment. †¢Public awareness:- Increasing public awareness of the negati ve aspects of certain industries like hand woven carpets (use of child labor ) , pesticides (damage to environment in the form of chemical residues in groundwater), plastic bags (choking of sewer lines) have resulted in the slow decline of some industries. †¢The Market:- Organizations closely monitor their customer markets in order to adjust to changing tastes and preferences. A market is people or organizations with wants to satisfy, money to spend, and the willingness to spend it. Each target market has distinct needs, which need to be monitored. It is imperative for an organization to know their customers, how to reach them and when customers’ needs change in order to adjust its marketing efforts accordingly. The market is the focal point for all marketing decisions in an organization. †¢Marketing Intermediaries:- Physical distribution firms help the organization to stock and move products from their points of origin to their destinations. Warehouses store and protect the goods before they move to the next destination. Marketing service agencies help the organization target and promote its products and include marketing research firms, advertising agencies, and media firms. Financial intermediaries help finance transactions and insure against risks and include banks, credit unions, and insurance companies. Macro Economics:- Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the entire economy. This includes a national, regional, or global economy. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. In Macroeconomics there are two areas of research that are emblematic of the discipline: the attempt to understand the causes and consequences of short-run fluctuations in national income (the business cycle), and the attempt to understand the determinants of long-run economic growth (increases in national income). Areas of macroeconomics covers: ?Money supply ?Interest rates ?Fiscal and monetary policy ?Unemployment ?Growth ?Inflation ?Inflation:- In recent years, a confluence of macroeconomic and industry-specific factors has led to record-high prices and unprecedented volatility in the global agricultural commodity markets. Specifically, simultaneous increases in demand and production costs along with intensifying supply-side pressures have led many experts to forecast extended periods of higher-than-average prices for many commodities. Farm-based commodities have recently experienced unprecedented growth in demand from both traditional and non-traditional sources. Traditional demand has increased primarily via worldwide population growth. The world’s population currently exceeds 6. 5 billion, is projected to reach nearly 9. 5 billion by 2050. Increases in demand have also been driven by global industrialization’s positive effect on disposable income in emerging economies like China and India. As a result, citizens of these countries have begun to shift away from the grain-centric diet of developing countries to the protein-rich diet common to countries with higher per capita GDP. Because, on average, one pound of protein requires nearly seven pounds of grain to produce, the increase in demand for meat has a large multiplier effect on the demand for grain. Moreover, increased globalization, free trade, and currency exchange considerations have increased agriculture-based exports from producing countries like the U. S. Canada, and Australia, as well as Europe and South America, which has increased competition and intensified demand on a global scale. In addition to traditional food-related demand, coarse grains such as corn, sorghum, barley, oats, and rye and edible oils and edible oil products have experienced exponential demand growth due to the rapidly expanding biofuels initiative in the United States, Brazil, and the European Union. The World Bank estimated that nearly all of the increase in global corn production between 2004-2007 was used for biofuels production in the United States. Moreover, as evidenced by Congress’s recent mandate to increase domestic ethanol production nearly five-fold by 2022, the biofuels component of agricultural commodity demand is not likely to decline in the near, or even intermediate, future. Most agricultural commodities are also experiencing significant supply-side pressure from a variety of sources. Recently, the global supply of agricultural commodities has been severely affected by unfavorable weather conditions (e. g. , droughts, flooding, and freezes) in several regions, including the U. S. , Europe, Canada, Argentina, Ukraine, and Russia. As a result, global stockpiles of agricultural commodities have fallen to their lowest levels in many years. At the same time, increased competition for productive crop land and the reconfiguration of planting decisions to maximize returns from biofuels-related plantings (e. g. , corn and soybeans) have drastically affected the supplies of most agriculture commodities. Significant increases in production costs, led by record oil and fertilizer prices, and increasing scarcity of productive farmland and sufficient and accessible water supplies have further contributed to limits on worldwide production capacity. Finally, political unrest in producing countries has slowed or stopped production on otherwise physically productive land, further tightening supplies. Unlike many other commodities, agricultural commodities are crucial to the survival of nations. In a recent study, researchers concluded that nearly 60 percent of all global conflicts over the past two decades have been primarily driven by disputes related to food, land, or water. Recent spikes in food prices have lead to food smuggling in some countries and riots in others. Because of the universal necessity for food and the irreplaceable role that agricultural commodities have in worldwide food production, market analysts, including the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) predict that â€Å"when commodity supplies eventually recover and prices moderate from current high levels, the new equilibrium prices will be significantly higher than has traditionally been observed during periods of market balance. † As summarized in the table below, even when the volatility is removed from short-term prices, long-run ommodity price projections forecast equilibrium prices for most major crops that are 19 to 110 percent higher than their recent five-year average. The preceding analysis suggests agribusiness and agricultural-related firms may present interesting investment opportunities. Companies with operations and/or substantial investments in one or more key grain producing nations, such as the U. S. , Canada, Europe, Russia, Brazil, an d China, may be favorable over countries operating primarily in resource poor nations. Companies with significant command over their supply chain are likely to display significant operating advantages, but because of the capital-intensive nature of the industry, especially for companies with significant supply chain investment, firms with low debt, good credit rating, and/or relatively easy access to credit markets are preferred in light of current global economic conditions. Moreover, any company with significant supply chain investment should be providing logistical synergies and optimizing efficient operation of all its assets. In particular, companies that invest in technology to produce more robust, more efficient farmland and crops may provide unique opportunities for investment in the short- and intermediate-term. In summary, although current prices and volatility may not be sustainable in the long term, the long-term factors affecting agricultural commodities will most likely result in an extended period of high, although not necessarily record, prices. As a result, investments in agriculturally-oriented firms appear to be promising over intermediate- and long-term horizons. How to cite Macro and Micro Economics, Essay examples

Project Management for Competitive Advantage - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProject Management for Competitive Advantage. Answer: Introduction Project Management Involves broad ranges of activities which have are highly integrated with each other. It allows a manager to use a methodical approach to guide the process from initiation to completion stage. The deliverables and all the objectives have to be achieved with the highest quality. Project managers use best practices, strategies and methodologies to gain competitive advantage (Moniruzzaman and Hossain, 2013). There are certain important aspects which have to be considered by the manager such as interest of stakeholders, risk management, project delivery, alignment of activities, benchmarking techniques etc. All these tools ensure that there is effective project management and everything is recorded for documenting the lessons learned during the project. The aim of this paper is to implement Continuous Improvement Plan on the construction of pathways and bikeways of Quota Shared Park in Australia (Mackay Region). Waterfall linear sequential life cycle model will be appl ied in the project. Along with this, strategies, methodologies and implement action plan have also been included in the project. Waterfall Methodology Waterfall Methodology contains different stages which are highly dependent on each other. It has an elaborated documentation phase which ensures that all the things are considered in the planning stage of the project. It has to be followed till the project is completed. This process involves record keeping in the entire process (Kerzner, 2013). This information can be very useful for accomplishing a similar task in the future. But it allows the manager to understand the deliverables, size, budget, time lines and standards. Waterfall method follows a sequential approach towards the completion of the task. The functional specifications which have been mentioned by Mackay Regional Council (MRC) will be examined and distributed in the initial stage. Project managers adopting this method ensure that specifications and deliverables are carefully evaluates in the planning stage only. Ineffective planning and analysis can result in the failure of the project. The Mackay Regional Council (MRC) requires a foot path and bikeways in the park which connects all the facilities and centers together. There are certain deliverables which have to be completed during the process. It includes placing crossing arrows, shred paths construction, direction and information signs, renovation of centers, landscaping etc. These deliverables have to be included in the initial stage of the process and it should be broken down into smaller tasks. It will allow the team members to work on it and make sure that it is of high quality (Ferrario, Simm, Forshaw and Whittle, 2014). Review stage of the method takes into consideration all the measures for testing the standards and quality of the deliverables. All the changes are made before final closure of the project. It is matched with the checklist to make sure everything has been achieved by the team members. Documentation Documentation and record keeping is an essential part of Waterfall method as the entire projects as well as team members are dependent on it. The major documents which will be required by the project manager for undertaking the Quota Shared Park project are construction contract, bid documents, purchase orders, schedules, project diary, order logs, employee payroll documents, stakeholder?s approval etc (Martinelli and Milosevic, 2016). Apart from this, they will also need an approval from the Mackay Regional Council (MRC) to begin the project. Furthermore, the project manager has to create estimates and cost reports. A correspondence file can also be maintained by the manager which will have the details and letters from different parties (Boud, Cohen and Sampson, 2014). Waterfall method focuses on design documents, information log, outlines and submitted logs. It helps the manager to understand and structure everything. He can use it to guide the team members and the workers. Records and documents are necessary for a project. Quota Shared Park project has many deliverables and allocation of budget has to be done according to it. Diagrammatic Explanation The sequential events (Diagrammatic explanation) which have to be followed by the manger are as follows: Documenting and planning: Waterfall method lays stress on documentation, record keeping and planning. Project managers have to spend more time on this stage because all the processes and systems will be based upon it. The documents which will be required in Quota Shared Park project are instructions forms, preliminary agreements, approvals, time extension claims, bills of materials, drawings of the project, schedules, budgets and miscellaneous documents such as insurance (Gonzalez Aleu, Van Aken and Van Aken, 2016). Project manager has to ensure that all the requirements and expectations of the stakeholders are recorded carefully. Waterfall method follows a systematic approach and changes during the project may not be possible. It will affect the outcome of the project and the budget will extend. Apart from this, documents of SOW or Statement of Work will be required. It contains the broad scope of Quota Shared Park project. A well designed scope can reduce the disturbances and devia tions in the systematic workflow. Similarly, statements, instructions and conditions associated with each task have to be documented in this stage only. Setting standards: After Documenting and planning, the next stage is setting standards for the delivery. Quality deliverables are essential for the success of a project. But a manager has to ensure that balance allocation of resources is done to all the systems and processes (Heizer, 2016). The standards are set at this stage of the project and approval has to be taken from the Mackay Regional Council (MRC). These standards have to be followed in the entire project. Any deviation will affect the outcome of the entire project. Hence, it is the duty of the manger to make sure that Quota Shared Park project follows the predetermined standards. Designing: All the requirements and details given by the stakeholders are studied. The plans and outlines of the pathways are designed according to it. It is essential for the manager to work in close relation with the developer or designer to make sure everything is outlined as per the plan. Designs are blueprints which decide the structure and various other processes of the project. Quota Shared Park requires connectivity to different facilities with the help of pathways (McLean, Antony and Dahlgaard, 2017). The outline should ensure that it takes into account timescales and resource allocation. They cannot proceed with the project which has the longest path. Implementation: The planned process is implemented by allocating tasks to different team members. It is essential for the manager to follow the standards which have been created in the initial stages. Project managers have to ensure that everything is documented in the development of pathways. It will allow them to review it and changes can be made accordingly. All the tasks are interconnected to each other and the sequential process have to be followed by the team members (Harvey and Lynch, 2017). Project manager has to monitor the progress of the Quota Shared Park project. Different communication channels can be used to interact with other members of the team. Integration and review: This stage is very important for the success of Quota Shared Park project. The manager has to ensure that the work is completed as per the standards. If he finds any deviation in it then corrective actions have to be taken to remove such defects. For example, Mackay Regional Council (MRC) needs crossing arrows, direction and information signs in the pathways to control traffic. The team members have to ensure that these sign boards are placed at the right positions which cause no disturbances to the visitors (Ferrario, Simm, Forshaw and Whittle, 2014). Review is an important part of Waterfall method as it focuses to continuous improvement and development. Furthermore, all the activities and processes should be integrated at this stage for the final review. Closure: The closure stage consists of preparation of project reports and closure of the project. Project managers usually use a checklist to ensure that they have fulfilled all the essentials and deliverables of the project such as quality, timescales, budget, objects of the project etc. The activities and lessons learned are recorded in a diary. It can be used in future projects to improve the performance of the next task. Project managers also measure the value achieved from the project after its implementation (Boud, Cohen and Sampson, 2014). For instance, Quota Shared Park project will have positive social impact as it will improve accessibility in the park. It will connect all the facilities together which will ensure better connectivity and link. Similarly, there are other measurable values such as financial impact, customer impact, client impact etc. All these things are included in the Waterfall strategy and continuous improvement plan of project management. Implementation of Continuous Improvement Plan: The final stage of Waterfall method is Implementation of Continuous Improvement Plan or maintenance. Project manager has to monitor the progress of the Quota Shared Park project. Different communication channels can be used to interact with the stakeholders to ensure their satisfaction. Review after implementation is an important part of Waterfall method as it focuses to continuous improvement and development (Kerzner, 2013). The project should give long term benefits to the stakeholders. Continuous Improvement Method Continuous Improvement method can be useful in the Quota Shared Park project because it will streamline the entire process. Furthermore, it will ensure not that there is no deviation from the path which gives excellent results. Project Managers have to follow the guidelines and ensure the entire workflow. Quota Shared Park project consist of different processes and practices such as construction, renovation, increasing accessibility and improving connectivity in the park. To accomplish all these objectives, the main priority for the manager should be service standard quality (Martinelli and Milosevic, 2016). He has to ensure that all the processes are completed in time and budget. Reworks and defects should be removed during the testing stage of the process. It increases the probability of the success of the project. Continuous Improvement method such as Waterfall can streamline the entire work. It uses efficient workflows which are productive. It is suitable for this project because it complex in nature and there will be shift in deadlines. Along with this, the priorities may require readjustments during the process to ensure the outcome of the project. It can only be possible with the help of Waterfall method. Quota Shared Park project has limited budget and it will be beneficial for the manager to know how much time it will take to complete each activity. It will reduce ambiguity and proper schedule as well as estimations will be produced. The biggest advantage of using Waterfall method is that it allows the managers and workers to adapt continuous learning process (Harvey and Lynch, 2017). The stakeholders of the project need two pathways in the park. One each for visitors and other for the bikers. Similarly, it should connect all the centers and offices tighter to improve the accessibility in the park. Team members of the project can use a to-do list to make sure everything is completed as per standard. Deming Cycle (PDCA) It is a quality improvement model which has series of steps for continuous improvement and development. It includes: Plan: It involves creating objectives as per the requirements of the client. Do: The implementation of the plan is done at this stage. The information is collected for the subsequent stages. Study: Analyses and ascertainment of the differences are at this stage. The actual progress is compared with the standards to find out the deviations. Act: This stage involves taking corrective measures to remove any differences from the project. The changes are done to improve the performance of the project. It is analyzed again with the help of all the stages to make sure that all the objectives in the checklists are met. Conclusion It can be concluded from the above that project management is important for the success of a project. It allows the manager to create a work breakdown structure which enables him to accomplish all the objectives. The Mackay Regional Council (MRC) requires pathways in the park which connects all the facilities and centers together. There are certain deliverables which have to be completed in the stipulated time and cost. It includes placing crossing arrows, shred paths construction, direction and information signs, renovation of centers, landscaping etc. Continuous Improvement method can be useful in the Quota Shared Park project because it will streamline the entire process. It will reduce ambiguity and proper schedule as well as estimations will be produced. The project manager will be able to improve the chances of project success. Furthermore, he has to ensure that he prepares and collects various documents because Waterfall method follows a pre defined structured approach. Rework s and defects should be removed during the testing stage of the process. It increases the probability of the success of the project. References Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Sampson, J. eds., 2014. Peer learning in higher education: Learning from and with each other. Routledge. Ferrario, M.A., Simm, W., Newman, P., Forshaw, S. and Whittle, J., 2014, May. Software engineering for'social good': integrating action research, participatory design, and agile development. In Companion Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering (pp. 520-523). ACM. Gonzalez Aleu, F., Gonzalez Aleu, F., Van Aken, E.M. and Van Aken, E.M., 2016. Systematic literature review of critical success factors for continuous improvement projects. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 7(3), pp.214-232. Harvey, G. and Lynch, E., 2017. enabling continuous Quality improvement in Practice: the role and contribution of Facilitation. Frontiers in public health, 5. Heizer, J., 2016. Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Martinelli, R.J. and Milosevic, D.Z., 2016. Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. McLean, R.S., Antony, J. and Dahlgaard, J.J., 2017. Failure of Continuous Improvement initiatives in manufacturing environments: a systematic review of the evidence. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 28(3-4), pp.219-237. Moniruzzaman, A.B.M. and Hossain, D.S.A., 2013. Comparative study on agile software development methodologies. arXiv preprint arXiv:1307.3356.